Environmental Psychology - 1060 Words

Environmental psychology provides a relatively new and at the same time complex perspective on the connection between the human being and the surrounding environment. Despite the fact that this area of expertise represents a mix of several sciences, among which economics, psychology, sociology (Bechtel and Churchman, 2002, p2-5), it provides a structured view on the interactions humans have with their surroundings. Given this co dependence, there are numerous events that happen every day that affect the relation between the human being and its environment. We live in an ever dependent world and environment. Therefore, it is only natural that world breaking events shape and influence life for communities and countries. Alexa Spence and Nick Pidgeon point out this very fact in an article presented in the online version of Environment Magazine, Psychology, Climate Change Sustainable Behavior (2009). They provide certain tools that can be used to change in the behavior of consumers and ordinary citizens once climate change has become a subject for discussion for the international community. The main point the authors are raising concerns the way in which the society, aware on the intrinsic need to change in order to adapt to new challenges faced by climate change, can actually find the motivation, means, and capacity to do this. More precisely, the authors raise the issues of What represents a sustainable lifestyle, and how might competing visions of this beShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Psychology1009 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironmental Psychology Paper Robyn A. Cole August 13, 2012 PSY 460 Edward A. Muhammad, M.S. Environmental Psychology For more than the past ten years, the field of psychology has covered drawn out analysis and delved into the correlation among human beings and the environment. Clayton and Myers state that, â€Å"Recent quantitative assessments of the human impact on nature give a sobering picture: the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment found that about 60% of the earth’s ecosystem Read MoreEnvironmental Psychology Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology Psychology is the study of how human beings and animals sense, think, learn and know. Psychology is a science based on observations and theories. Modern psychology is the collecting of facts and turning them into psychological theories to explain peoples behavior and sometimes to predict and influence their future behavior. Psychology, in the past, has been assumed to have clear sub-fields (headings). Although there are many differences between the different classifications ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Cosmopolitanism On Environmental Psychology906 Words   |  4 Pagescosmopolitanism on environmental psychology is highly significant. This article is meaningful to me because it shows different culturals and how pro environmental behaviours is beneficial. Being environmentally responsible: Cosmopolitan orientation predicts pro environmental Behaviors. Leung, Angela K.-Y.; Koh, Kelly; Tam, Kim-Pong Journal of environmental psychology, Vol 43, Sep 2015, 79 94.http://dx.doi.org.subzero.lib.uoguelph.ca/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.05.011 In the articleRead MoreHow Do We Define Environmental Psychology925 Words   |  4 PagesTo define environmental psychology, one must do so by considering the following four key features: â€Å"interactive approach; interdisciplinary and international; problem-focused, applied field; and diversity of methods† (Steg et. al., 2013, p. 5-6). To sum, interactive behavior is best understood by me as one’s interactions with nature and the effect nature ends up having on one after engagement has occurred. As a child, I grew up in Jackson County Forest in Black River Falls, Wisconsin. As well, withRead MoreA Brief Note On Environmental Psychology Research Methods Essay713 Words   |  3 PagesEnvironmental Psychology Research Methods Summary In this study conducted by Megan J. Bissing-Olsoni, Aarti Iyer, Kelly S. Fielding and Hannes Zacher, a survey/diary design was used to examine the relationship of pro-environmental behavior, employees daily affect, pro-environmental attitude, daily task-related pro-environmental behavior, and daily proactive pro-environmental behavior. There were 56 participants in the study and they were all employed in small businesses. The surveys were doneRead MoreEnvironmental Psychology875 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Psychology Olubunmi Ruby Akinsanya Environmental Psychology/460 10/5/2010 Richard Hill Title of Paper Why do individuals act differently in different social settings? Environmental Psychology is the field of psychology which studies the way human behavior is affected by their environment. Environment refers to an individual’s social setting, which can change consistently.   (Fisher, 2007). Social settings and educational settings, professional settings and homeRead MoreEnvironmental Psychology Article Analysis866 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Psychology Article Analysis University of Phoenix Environmental Psychology Article Analysis Environmental psychology does not just study how man affects his environment but also how the environment and natural occurrences affect man. The continual cause and affect cycle from both sides of the equation give purpose to environmental psychology as well as incorporating other disciplines. Unlike many disciplines that have a single focus, the focus of environmental psychologyRead MoreEnvironmental Psychology Article Analysis1058 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Psychology Article Analysis Introduction The paper will critically analyze three chosen articles related to the field of environmental psychology. Important facts highlighted in the article, the week and strong points of the article and most importantly the impact that the article has on the field of environmental psychology will be discussed in the paper. The first article is the fifth chapter Coping with Stress taken from the book Health psychology, 2nd ed.) written by RichardRead MoreEnvironmental Psychology And Its Effects On The Environment2034 Words   |  9 Pagesof instances air pollution can not be seen with the naked eye, however it can be seen when clouds of particulate matters appear above a city. As disturbing as seeing polluted air is, it is the unseen pollutants that is a greater danger. Environmental psychology tells us that personal manners and behavior have an effect on the environment. By doing research on how we harm our environment, processes may be put in place to off set and limit such behaviors. Bio-fuel, wind energy, solar energy, cleanRead MoreThe Depletion Of Natural Elements Has A Negative Impact On Human Mind?1775 Words   |  8 Pagesnature is crucial for his health care, to overlook the impact of restorative outdoor spaces on human health and psych. Existing research: Access to nature can enhance wellness Research from many quarters, including the fields of healthcare, psychology, design, public health, and other disciplines indicates that access to nature can enhance health and wellness. Annerstedt and Wahrborg (2011) propose three main kinds of public health effects related to nature: short-term recovery from stress or

Symptoms And Diagnosis Of Ms - 983 Words

MS is traditionally described as clinical symptoms or signs of two CNS lesions separated in time and space that are not caused by other CNS disease. Due to the absence of a specific immune-based assay, the diagnosis of MS continues to be predicated on the clinical history and neurological examination; that is, finding multiple lesions in time and space in the CNS. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the most important diagnostic tool for allowing the early and more precise diagnosis of the disease. Revised diagnostic criteria classify individuals in the categories of MS into either not multiple sclerosis or possible MS based on evidence from MRI (McDonald, 2001). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination allows the identification of oligoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) bands which are present in 98% of patients but can be absent in early disease. Also, approximately 80-90% of patients with MS have delayed visual evoked potentials (mainly optic neuritis). Finally, although there is no specific blood test for MS, the absence of other autoimmune markers (anti-nuclear antibodies, extractable nuclear antigen, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and anti-phospholipid antibodies) can be helpful. Criteria that determine â€Å"MS† have been revised several times in the last few years (2001, 2005, and 2010) (Polman, 2011). Criteria now enable diagnosis of MS when new MRI lesions define separation in time and space i.e., a new MRI lesion more than 30Show MoreRelatedDiagnosis Of Multiple Sclerosis ( Ms ) Essay1300 Words   |  6 PagesMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS and the most frequent cause of nontraumatic neurological disability in young and middle-aged adults (1). Women are twice as likely to be affected as men, and onset typically occurs between the ages of 20 and 40 years (2). The diagnosis Depend on a detailed history; careful neurological examination; and supportive paraclinical investigations. According to the new McDonald criteria, the diagnosis of MS requires objectiveRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis : A Degenerative Disease Of The Central Nervous System1210 Words   |  5 Pagesdeterioration of the nerve it self. Multiple sclerosis, often referred to as MS, is called â€Å"multiple† for the many areas of the brain that are affected and â€Å"sclerosis† for the scarring of tissue and lesions that form on the brain and spinal cord. The symptoms of MS can vary significantly from one person to another depending on what area of the central nervous system the lesions are present. Some of the most common symptoms are blurring vision, loss of vision, fatigue, numbness and tingling, tremorsRead MoreA Short Note On The Loss Of Myelin Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). (3) MS is an inflammatory demyelinating condition. This means it is caused by damage to myelin – a fatty material that insulates nerves, acting much like the covering of an electric wire. Myelin allows a nerve to transmit its impulses rapidly. It is the speed and efficiency with which these impulses are conducted that permits smooth, rapid and coordinated movements toRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1055 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidering all the signs and symptoms presented by the patient, Ms. Neighbors meets the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophreniform disorder. Based on the information provided by the patient’s sister, and aligning the symptoms, the behavior, and the patient’s history to the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5, the patient meets all diagnostic criteria for schizophreniform disorder. According to criterion A, the patient should experience the same characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia. In other wordsRead MoreThe Debilitating Disease Affects 20-45 Year Olds Around The World : Multiple Sclerosis ( Ms )1584 Words   |  7 Pagesolds around the world: Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This unpredictable disease makes it somewhat challenging for doctors to diagnose it, as it can mock other diseases. Symptoms are variable and come in different degrees of severity. No two people have the exact same symptoms. There are four main categories of MS, with different treatment options. If controlled, MS will only have a few limitations and is, for the most part, ease to adapt to. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially disabling disease ofRead MoreDiagnostic Impression : Major Depressive Disorder1016 Words   |  5 Pagesepisode, moderate severity, with anxious distress. Ms. Client meets eight of the nine diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Specifically, during several periods of time she experienced depressed mood, diminished interest in things she enjoyed to do, hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, decreased concentration, and suicidal thoughts without intent. Additionally, as Ms. Client expressed, these symptoms are source of continuing distress and interfereRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Of The Undiagnosed Pain Scenario1727 Words   |  7 Pagesthe undiagnosed pain scenario, in the setting of medically unexplained symptoms and suspected drug seeking behaviour. The principles of beneficence, non-maleficence and justice, the implications of their application to pain management, and the illness disease dichotomy in relation to non-organic pain will be considered in relationship to the case of Ms CP and management of her medically unexplained pain. A 28 year old female, Ms CP, presented to the Emergency Department complaining of abdominal painRead MoreThe Myelin Sheath And Its Effects On The Human Body1205 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, is a disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath surrounding axons of neurons in the Central Nervous System (CNS). In severe cases, Multiple Sclerosis can break down the nerves themselves. This leads to communication problems within the brain and between the brain and the rest of the body (Mayo Clinic.) The myelin sheath is an insulator- it surrounds and nourishes the axons. Exposing small points called the Nodes of Ranvier. The combinationRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Nervous System Disorders917 Words   |  4 Pagesmade up of the brain and spinal cord. â€Å"In MS, the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your brain and the rest of your body. Eventually, the disease can cause the nerves themselves to deteriorate or become permanently damaged.† (mayoclinic.org, by mayo clinic staff, Oct. 1, 2015) Knowing the symptoms of MS for early diagnoses is crucial when treating this disease. Symptoms can start mild so sometimes it isn’t caughtRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis Affects More People Than Most Would Think1098 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple Sclerosis affects more people than most would think. MS is an unpredictable disease that attacks the central nervous system but it is a difficult disease to diagnose due to multiple unknown factors. Each diagnosed case of MS is unique depending upon factors given by the patient. Understanding the different courses of Multiple Sclerosis, early diagnosis and the treatments of the disease all play an important role in bringing awareness of MS. Learning about Multiple Sclerosis can bring opportunities

Scalable SQL And NoSQL Data Stores Click Now to Get Solution

Question: Discuss about the Scalable SQL and NoSQL Data Stores. Answer: Introduction Over the past decade, technology has evolved greatly. This has resulted in a lot of data being generated from different platforms. The requirements for data storage and accessibility have also evolved due to increase in data types creating a problem for the conventional relational databases which is mostly used for structured data. The conventional relational databases have a strict schema and once defined it is impossible to alter it without taking the database offline. For Industries that generated a large volume of data varying in types and formats, the NoSQL database offers a flexible, and scalable alternative. NoSQL Databases NoSQL stands for not only SQL or not relational(Cattell 2011). This type of databases are normally open source and tend have a flexible data model compared to the relational databases. The NoSQL databases are distinguished by their BASE (Basically Available, Soft-state, Eventually consistent) properties which do not conform to the CAP (consistency, Availability, Partition-tolerance) theorem which requires data systems to have at least two of this properties according to Brewer (2010) as cited by Birgen (2014). NoSQL databases favour availability over consistency allowing them to accommodate a lot of read and write commands at the same time. Horizontal scalability and performance NoSQL databases allow distribution of data over different servers that do not share disk space or RAM; once a server is added, the database automatically spreads the data into the new server resulting to load distribution increases the performance of the database (Cattell 2011). This is cheaper than vertical scaling supported by SQL databases as it basic servers involves working together as clusters as opposed to a single very specialized server used by relational databases(Mongodb n.d.). Unlike in relational databases-SQL databases where the schema has to be predefined, NOSQL databases has the capacity to allow the addition of new data types and the schema evolves as new data types are added in. Limitations NoSQL databases are becoming more popular in this digital age as they are very useful in storing big data, however, there are a few areas where they may not be the best choice for everyone. They are open source and therefore lack dedicated support as compared to the relational databases who have readily available experts to help in case there is a problem. They are also not very useful for industries that require manipulation and querying of data as they mostly require manual querying of the database due to lack of a structured language (Leavitt 2010). Key-Value databases They are usually schema-less and use a simple Key and Value relationship where the key acts as a unique index while the value is the data itself (Gurevich 2015). An example of this database is e-bay where one searches for items using a keyword and the database provide the information relating to the keyword. A key value database is a hash table that is used primarily when access is made through primary key. Regarded as the simplest NoSQL database, key value database is the simplest to use. A client can put the value for the key, get its value, or delete a key. The value is just stored. The database is unaware of what lays inside. The application understands what is stored inside the data store. Riak is a key value database that helps to store keys in buckets. It is a way to segment keys. Information related to shopping cart, user preferences, and session data can be stored in the same bucket having a single value and key (Sebastian et al., 2013). Graph databases Graph databases utilize graph structures to store and restore data. The graph is the key concept of the system and relates directly to the data items. Graph databases are relatively older ones in the NoSQL database. Birgen (2014) stated that they employ nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data. They create relationships between the different nodes and hence are best used to stored data highly interconnected data (Hazim 2014). An example that uses this type of database is facebook where it is used to create relationships between friends and even friends of friends. Neo4J can be taken as a graph database and can be used to solve problems related to application. Graphs like FlockDB and Infinite Graph provide a distributed storage for the nodes. The last transaction IDs are kept track by using Apache ZooKeeper. Java objects are stored as edges and nodes in Infinite Graph. Such databases also use the properties of location and distance so that the application used by the client can give recommendations of entertainment options or good restaurants in nearby places (Miller, 2013). Conclusion This evolution of data to big data which is not easily stored by the common relational databases has created a gap that these databases have filled. They may not be useful for everybody and are by no means on the path to replace the relational databases but are very useful for industries which do not require the consistency offered by relational databases and favour availability more. References Birgen, Cansu. Advanced Process Stimulation: SQL vs NoSQL . Technologynorwegian University Of Science And Technologynorwegian University Of Science And Technologynorwegian University Of Science And Technology Norwegian University Of Sciencnorwegian University Of Science And Technology Cattell, Rick. Scalable SQL and NoSQL data stores. SIGMOD Rec. vol. 39, no. 4, 2011: 12-27. Gurevich, Yuri. Comparative Survey of NoSQL/ NewSQL DB Systems. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, The Open University of Israel, The Open University of Israel, 2015. Hazim, Dhulfiqar. Document - Oriented NoSQL Databases Performance analysis of Mongodb and MySQL using PHP. THAPAR UNIVERSITY, 2014. Leavitt, Neal. Will NoSQL Databases Live Up to Their Promise? Computer (IEEE Computer Society) Volume 43, no. Issue 2 (02 2010): 12-14. Mason, Robert T. NoSQL Databases and Data Modeling Techniques for a Document-oriented NoSQL Database. Informing Science IT Education Conference (InSITE). 2015. 259-268. Miller, J. J. (2013, March). Graph database applications and concepts with Neo4j. In Proceedings of the Southern Association for Information Systems Conference, Atlanta, GA, USA (Vol. 2324). Mongodb. Mongodb. https://www.mongodb.com/security (accessed 11 02, 2016). Sebastian, Abraham, Swaroop Jagadish, S. U. N. Yun, Robert M. Schulman, and Shirshanka Das. "Transactional key-value database with searchable indexes." U.S. Patent Application 13/935,130, filed July 3, 2013. Sharma, Sugam. An Extended Classification and Comparison of NoSQL Big Data Models. Iowa State University, 2015.

The Levels of Deception in Twelfth Night Essay Example For Students

The Levels of Deception in Twelfth Night Essay Twelfth Night is a play that depends on deceptions. Without deception none of the plays major storylines could exist in the way that they do. As might be expected, the deceptions fall into different types of deception, and also many different levels. These can be described as levels of importance- some involving whole plots and some only a few minor events- and levels of how obvious each deception is. The deceptions come in many different guises, including deliberate deception, self-deception and others. Deliberate deception is crucial to the plot. One aspect of this is the element of disguise. This can be divided into literal disguise, in the form of characters altering their appearance, and the faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade which characters present to the world in order to seem different to how they really are. Probably the most important and far reaching deception in the play is Violas disguise as a man, Cesario. This has many consequences for herself and others. She first disguises herself for protection in a foreign land, she wishes the sea captain to help her dress as a man so that she can find employment. The consequences of this are central to the play. If Viola had not perpetuated this deception she would not have met Orsino, and similarly Olivia and Sebastian may never have married. Violas disguise is of a high level, relating equally to its important consequences, how obvious and comical it is to the audience, and also that it is complicated and difficult to maintain, as Viola not only has to disguise her sex but also her origins of social class. We will write a custom essay on The Levels of Deception in Twelfth Night specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Feste disguises himself in order to fool Malvolio, using the comical elements of literal disguise. As Sir Toby Belch says: put on this gown and this beard; make him believe thou art Sir Topas the curate Apart from the immediately obvious deception seen here, this disguise is interesting in a number of ways. Shakespeares use of the name Topas is important, as the semi-precious stone topas was renowned for its ability to cure madness. Members of Shakespeares audience may have known this, and would find it humorous related to the fact that Malvolio was said to be mad. It is odd that this disguise at first seems unnecessary. Malvolio is locked in a dark room and cannot see Feste. However its purpose is to create comedy for the audience. This disguise is quite cruel in the way that it deceives Malvolio, but it is actually seen as funny by the audience and by other characters. Shakespeare clearly intends this comical aspect with Feste as; living up to the role of licensed fool, all that he says is designed to be amusing: Malvolio: good Sir Topas, go to my lady- Feste: Out, hyperbolical fiendtalkest thou of nothing but ladies? Feste is completely aware of what Malvolio means at this point and throughout the scene, but Shakespeare chooses for him to deliberately misunderstand, resulting in a wonderful comedic situation for the audience. Many characters in the play disguise their true emotions, personality and identity without physically wearing a disguise. A prime example of this is Feste. He is perceived to be a fool, which is actually his occupation. Nonetheless throughout the play he shows his intelligence in the comments he makes and his insights. He has some wise thoughts, for example, on the question of virtue: Anything thats mended, is but patched: virtue that transgresses is but patched with sin; and sin that amends is but patched with virtue. This is not the type of comment that a foolish person would be expected to make; and so we see clearly that the title fool is only a front, and that Festes true character is very different. Feste is also shown as highly perceptive, for example when he says to Maria if Sir Toby would leave drinking, thou wert as witty a piece of Eves flesh as any in Illyria. this is an accurate foretelling of the marriage between Maria and Sir Toby that takes place. Shakespeare makes reference to the Biblical account of creation to suggest Marias femininity. Comments made by Feste throughout the play show the audience that the original image Shakespeare creates for him by remarks such as Olivias Take the fool away are misleading. Feste, despite the act that he puts on, is obviously not a fool. Others who are not what they appear to be include Olivia who is not as sincere in her mourning as she would seem, and Sir Toby and Sir Andrew who are certainly not as staid and responsible as their elevated rank might indicate. Many of the plays deceptions are brought about by liars and lying. One obvious example of this is the gulling of Malvolio by Sir Toby, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Fabian and Maria. In revenge for his puritanical attitudes they decide to trick him using a love letter written by Maria, which appears to come from Olivia. The plotters are eager to accept this out of their dislike for Malvolio and to humiliate him. They look forward to the enjoyment and comedy this deception will cause: .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c , .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .postImageUrl , .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c , .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c:hover , .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c:visited , .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c:active { border:0!important; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c:active , .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u045613d890356162d113f119ddcb485c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shakespeare Assignment: Romeo and Juliet; Act 3 Scene 5 EssaySir Andrew: Oh, twill be admirable! Maria: Sport royal, I warrant you This shows a great contrast to the complicated and upsetting results, which Viola had realised earlier are a result of her own deception: Oh time thou must untangle this, not I! It is too hard a knot for me tuntie Here Shakespeares rhyming couplet concludes a particular thought, and indeed the scene. The metaphor, comparing deception to a knot, is very effective as a knot contains different strands which, having become entangled and intertwined; will be very hard to undo. This is very similar to a definition of deception. Sir Toby lies to Sir Andrew at various points in the play. One example of this deception of Sir Andrew is found when Sir Toby and Fabian amuse themselves by carrying lies between Sir Andrew and Cesario at the occasion of their duel: Sir Toby: Fabian can scarce hold him yonder Sir Andrew: Let him let the matter slip and Ill give him my horse Sir Toby: (to Cesario) Theres no remedy, sir, he will fight with you fors oaths sakes Shakespeare creates dramatic irony with the first line of this dialogue as the audience realise that the only reason Fabian can scarce hold Cesario is because he is so desperate to get away! This also contains a hint that the friendship between Sir Andrew and Sir Toby is a deception in itself as Sir Toby does not hesitate to use Sir Andrew for entertainment in much the same way as he earlier used Malvolio. There are also hints given that Sir Toby only wants Sir Andrew around for his money; he says, I have been dear to him, lad, some two thousand strong or so. This is one of the deepest levels of deception in the play. If it is true then the entire friendship of these two characters is based on a deception. This is a serious issue, which contrasts with the comic theme of the play. This deception is never actually specified, only hinted at. Characters in Twelfth Night often deceive other people, but they are just as likely to deceive or delude themselves. Malvolio is a great sufferer of this. He believes himself to be universally popular. Aptly noted by Olivia: O, you are sick of self love Malvolio His extreme egotism provides comedy for the audience, and a ground for his deception over the letter, as he also believes mistakenly that Olivia loves him and may marry him. This shows once again his deceptively high opinion of himself; that he thinks he may marry into the upper echelons of society despite being only a steward. His belief of Olivias love for him, even before he has the letter leaves him vulnerable to be deceived by Marias letter, as he does not find it surprising that Olivia would be in love with him. Orsino also suffers from self-deception. He has convinced himself that he is in love with Olivia, but we see that this cannot be true. As soon as he discovers that Cesario is in fact a woman, Viola, he falls in love with her: But when in other habits you are seen- Orsinos mistress and his fancys queen Shakespeares juxtaposition of mistress and queen highlights Orsinos previously elaborate, superficial emotions. Therefore it seems that previously he had been more in love with the idea of love rather than in love with one particular woman, he appears to have simply settled on Olivia as the best candidate at the time. We can, in fact, see his self-indulgent attitude towards love in the first few lines of the play: If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken and so die Shakespeare uses food imagery to great effect here; the atmosphere of love and excess of love, which is particular to Orsino throughout the play, is set and we get an idea that not all is well in his love as he apparently wishes to be rid of it. The idea is given that if Orsino has too much music he will become sick of it, and if music feeds his love then he will become sick of love itself. This appears to be what he wants. Orsino is melodramatic and emotionally self-indulgent. Despite his words he appears to enjoy the part of the unrequited lover, and plays it very well. .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 , .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .postImageUrl , .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 , .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741:hover , .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741:visited , .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741:active { border:0!important; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741:active , .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741 .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6c37e7be5bff87fb9ec67b303ae53741:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: "Romeo and Juliet" : Love EssayA very short while after entering Orsinos service, Viola finds herself in love with him. As she is meant to be a male servant she has to hide this love. However she does not do this by outright lies, but rather by twisting the truth, or telling half-truths. An example of this can be found where Viola is describing the person she loves to Orsino: Orsino: What kind of a woman ist? Viola: Of your complexion Viola is neither lying nor telling the whole truth. She is deceiving Orsino despite the fact that she is not lying to him- and she is keeping her secret whilst also disclosing it. Orsino does not notice or suspect Viola, simply because to him she is a man. Later Viola comes even closer to revealing the truth to Orsino: My father had a daughter loved a man- As it might be, perhaps, were I a woman, I should your lordship Shakespeares use of language is masterful here. Violas first line is strictly truthful, and of course refers to her, but put in such a way that only the audience with their prior knowledge of Violas gender fully understand it. The next two lines are also accurate, although she speaks of them as possibilities while we know them to be actualities. It is unnecessary for Viola to endanger herself in this way and so it would seem that at least a part of her actually wants Orsino to know the truth. In stark contrast to these other deceptions Shakespeare also shows that it is possible to deceive without ever saying a word. Sebastian does not lie to Olivia, or disguise himself, and yet he does deceive her: while Olivia is addressing him as Cesario and talking to him as if they have been quite intimate, Sebastian never implies that he does not know what she is talking about. Olivia says to him: Be not offended, dear Cesario As Sebastian is obviously aware that he is not Cesario it would seem that the honest approach would be to disillusion Olivia. However he does not do so, and in fact when Olivia invites him into her house he agrees- despite the fact that he is aware that she believes him to be someone else. He is portrayed to be somewhat of an opportunist. Deception is used extensively in Twelfth Night to create comedy. However Shakespeare also uses deception to explore and expose much of the darker side of human nature; a comment on peoples often highly selfish desires. Many, if not all, the main characters of the play appear to be motivated by their own self centred wishes. One example of this is Orsino who is very self-indulgent, as we see from the plays opening: If music be the food of love, play on, Give me excess of it Orsino is looking simply for self-gratification. He is not motivated by any better feelings towards anyone or anything else. Olivia is also seeking only to please herself by remaining in mourning. Feste demonstrates that she really has nothing to feel miserable about: The more fool, madonna, to mourn for your brothers soul, being in heaven. Yet Olivia continues to mourn, while it suits her, and when a better alternative presents itself, she stops. The act of mourning, which would appear to be a loving, selfless act is no less self-indulgent than Orsinos excesses. Other characters who demonstrate this less than admirable quality include Sebastian when he accepts Olivias invitation, and Malvolio who selfishly wants higher social status. Sir Toby also lives his life purely for his own pleasure, with alcohol, mischief and enjoyment all forming large parts. Twelfth Night therefore depends upon deception; without deception there would be no play. This is the obvious conclusion to be drawn. However, to state a definite hierarchy of deception would be impossible, as the deceptions are linked, intertwined and interdependent. Many of them relate to the main plot involving Olivia, Orsino, Viola and Sebastian whilst a substantial number of others contribute to the subplot of the gulling of Malvolio. Each minor deception subtly helps lead to the conclusion of the play, and each is therefore important. The most important deception is Violas disguise as Cesario, but after this it becomes harder to distinguish a hierarchy. It is important to realise that there is more to Twelfth Night than originally meets the eye. What is indeed a very comical play also conveys a serious message about human nature, shown through the excesses of its main characters and their deceit. Shakespeare causes the majority of his characters to become deceived but perhaps he also deceives his audience into thinking that the play is merely for fun. The conclusion to be drawn is that deception is the heart of the play, in all its aspects.

Social Networks in Modern Business

Introduction In recent past, social networking has been on the rise. Many companies and individuals have embraced use of social networks because of their many benefits. For example, companies are using social networks to interact with customers.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Social Networks in Modern Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many companies have successfully used social networks to improve their understanding of the modern marketplace (Jue and Kassotakis 45). For example, Del Monte uses social networks to reach out to its customers in a process referred to as customer intimacy (Rainer and Ceglieski 160). The company has developed three platforms to facilitate communication and interaction with customers. Social networks are beneficial to both individuals and companies. However, they have several disadvantages that limit their reliability and efficiency. Disadvantages include exposure of dat a to security risks, possible reduction in employee performance, reduced ability to monitor employees, and reduced organizational efficiency and productivity. Advantages of social networks Social networks have many advantages that have resulted in increased demand and use. They provide information, enable businesses do things in new and more efficient ways, facilitate communication, and enhance collaboration (Jue and Kassotakis 55). Common social media tools that organizations and individuals use include Twitter, Facebook, blogs, MySpace, and others that allow free interaction with customers. Social intranets area common aspect of communication in many organizations. Many organizations sue them as a tool for internal communication.Advertising Looking for assessment on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Social networks transform computers into reliable and efficient sources of information. As such, individu als can access information from numerous sources on the internet. On the other hand, companies and individuals can conduct research because adequate information is available on different topics and disciplines (Haigh 77). Availability of adequate and relevant information has transformed ways in which organizations conduct business. Reliability of social networks is the main reason why many organizations choose them as primary sources of information. In addition, retrieval of information is fast and cost-effective (Haigh 78). In olden days, organizations hired research companies to collect information from customers. However, with advent of social networks, organizations collect first hand information from customers through social networking services such as Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace. Another advantage of social networks is that they facilitate communication (Rainer and Ceglieski 167). They promote communication channels such as chat rooms, emails, call centres, and voice messag es that reduce costs of operations. A study conducted on more than 290 organizations located in America, Asia, and Europe found out that more than half of them rely on use of social intranets for communication within the organization (Rainer and Ceglieski 169). Among them, the most common social networking tool used was instant messaging. It was used by 77 percent of surveyed organizations. Other commonly used tools included streaming audio and video.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Social Networks in Modern Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the study found out that even though many organizations use social networking tools for internal communication, their use among employees is still poor. In many organizations, social media is used to facilitate communication between employees, and team members. It has been used for top-down communication between employees and management. For example, bl ogging promotes communication between employees and managers in organizations that have large teams of employees (Rainer and Ceglieski 169). One advantage of use of social networks is because many of them do not compromise privacy. In addition, communication between employees and managers promotes effective organizational dialogue between different levels in an organization (Jue and Kassotakis 58). Another advantage of using social networks for communication in organizations is enhancement of relationships and efficiency. It is easy for employees to give their ideas, opinions, and feedback regarding any organizational mater without fear of victimization by supervisors or managers (Haigh 81). For example, during a crisis, communication between different levels of an organization is quick and effective in solving the crisis. Social networks support new ways of conducting business (Rainer and Ceglieski 160). For example, they support new ways of marketing and advertising, supply chain management, customer service, and human resource management.Advertising Looking for assessment on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More New methods of conducting business enable organizations and businesses develop competitive advantage strategies that enhance survival in the highly volatile and uncertain modern business environment (Haigh 41). For example, many organizations save a lot of money that was traditionally used to advertise products by using social networks. Instead of conducting expensive marketing and advertisement, organizations rely on social networks to share experiences with customer on certain products introduced in the market (Haigh 44). In addition, customers share information regarding products and companies on social networks. This serves as an efficient marketing strategy for many organizations. On the other hand, many organizations use social networks to build their corporate images. For example, organizations use twitter to share short messages with customers on their corporate social responsibility activities and projects (Jue and Kassotakis 61). These messages improve the images of organi zations thus attracting and more customers and investors. In addition, they have introduced a new business paradigm that is necessary in the social media era. Companies and organizations that were little known have become famous in many areas because of use of social networks. They facilitate use of new communication methods, new ways of developing relationships between managers and employees, and facilitate new ways of solving organizational problems and challenges. Many organizations embrace use of social networks because they promote open communication, strong relationships, and transparency among employees and employers (Jue and Kassotakis 63). Finally, social networks facilitate collaboration between employees in achievement of organizational goal and objectives (Rainer and Ceglieski 168). Social networks have made collaboration between virtual teams easy. Teams in different locations can conduct virtual meetings and perform certain tasks together. This has contributed to cost reduction and proper use of time by organizations (Rainer and Ceglieski 168). For example, social networks facilitate crowd sourcing, which is a new concept that has improved efficiency and productivity of many organizations. Disadvantages of social networks Social networks have disadvantages that limit their reliability and usefulness. They include feelings of isolation from other employees, lack of socialization, reduced chances of promotion at the workplace, and exposure of data to online fraudsters (Golden 48). Many organizations conduct many business activities on social networks. Activities such as research, marketing, human resource management, and recruitment are now conducted through social networks. Therefore, employees spend a lot of time online interacting with customers and potential employees. This has reduced physical interaction and as a result created a feeling of isolation in employees (Dahln, Lange, and Smith 83). It is important for employees to feel that they ar e part of an organization and corporate culture. However, social network have widened the gap and facilitated development of isolated work environments that have affected employees adversely. There is no physical contact between employees and customers or potential employees. This has reduced socialization because many activities and tasks are executed virtually. Socialization between employees is one of the most important aspect of improving employee performance and productivity. However, social networks promote virtual socialization that does not offer benefits of social interaction. In traditional marketing, employees interacted physically with customers. This was a very effective way of convincing customers because employees could use emotions to connect with customers (Dahln, Lange, and Smith 85). In contrast, social networks do not facilitate emotional connection between employees and customers, which is an important marketing strategy (Haigh 47). Even though successful, use o f social networks has reduced effectiveness s of certain organizational activities. Use of social networks has reduced employee monitoring. Therefore, it is difficult for an employer to promote an employee because social networks do not facilitate measurement of employee performance. In addition, employees may lose certain benefits and be subject to lower remuneration (Dahln, Lange, and Smith 84). This is because social networks have made execution of tasks easier and faster. For example, employees do not need to travel or make phone calls to convince customers to buy their products. These activities are conducted online through social networks. Employee monitoring is important in order to measure employee performance and productivity, parameters that are used to promote and demote employees (Dahln, Lange, and Smith 88). However, these activities have become difficult with advent of social networks in organizations because managers cannot monitor employees virtually. Another disadva ntage of social networks is threat to data security. Sustained use of social networks exposes an organization’s data to risk of compromise (Golden 50). With absence of fraudsters on the internet, companies risk losing data that could be used to compromise their operations. Many rival organizations hire fraudsters to obtain data illegally form companies that rely on social networks to perform organizational activities. For example, marketing and strategic data of organizations may be obtained from social networks during interaction between managers and employees. In most cases, data and useful information is compromised in cases where competition is stiff between organizations or companies. Certain organizations hack into databases of other organizations and obtain information that helps them gain competitive advantage in the market. In addition, information on customer and marketing strategies could be used to compete with companies that dominate certain markets. Use of socia l networks makes it difficult for employers to monitor employees (Dahln, Lange, and Smith 86). This may lead to poor performance and low productivity. In addition, cost of purchasing, installing, and maintaining technological gadgets is high. Additional costs arise from training employees on ways of using social networks effectively in order to achieve organizational goals and objectives in desired ways (Dahln, Lange, and Smith 87). Conclusion Social networking has introduced new business concepts in the field of communication that have benefited organizations and individuals. Social networks are used for communication and information retrieval. In addition, they allow organizations do business in new ways. They present cost-effective ways of doing business such as cheap marketing and advertisement. Organizations save a lot of money by avoiding traditional methods of marketing and advertisement by focusing on marketing and advertising using tools availed by social networks. However, they have disadvantages too. They contribute to low employee performance, increase costs of operations, create a feeling of isolation in employees, and expose organizations’ data to online fraudsters. For example, rival companies hack into each other’s databases and gain access to useful information that enables them gain competitive advantage over each other. Works Cited Dahln, Micael, Lange, Fredrik, and Smith Terry. Marketing Communications: A Brand  Narrative Approach. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2007. Print. Golden, Michelle. Social Media Strategies for Professionals and Their Firms: The Guide  to Establishing Credibility and Accelerating Relationships. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2010. Print. Haigh, Paul. Social Network Websites: Their Benefits and Risks. New York: Optimus Education eBooks, 2009. Print. Jue, Arthur, and Kassotakis Mary. Social Media at Work: How Networking Tools Propel  Organizational Performance. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2003. Print. R ainer, Robert, and Ceglieski Casey. Introduction to Information Systems: Enabling  and Transforming Business. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2010. Print. This assessment on Social Networks in Modern Business was written and submitted by user K1nsey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Numerology in The Odyssey How numbers are used throughout The Odyssey by Homer and how they all symbolize different events or characters in the book

Numerology in The Odyssey How numbers are used throughout The Odyssey by Homer and how they all symbolize different events or characters in the book Numerology in The Odyssey"Everything is named or numbered, but few people are conscious of the degree to which names and numbers influence their experience, progress, and communication," declared Juno Jordan, the "grandmother" of numerology (qtd. in Lagerquist and Lenard 4). Numerology, the language of numbers and moreover the study of how they relate to our lives, speaks about the hidden worlds contained within the simplest numbers. Numerology attempts to analyze numerical information, and makes a determination of the implications and associations that these numbers have (Kelly 10). This metaphysical science has its roots in the ancient cultures of Greece, Rome, and Egypt, and also has ties to the Hebrew Kabbalah; it has unlocked the mysteries of life for over 2,500 years (Lagerquist and Lenard 3-5). As in everything in our lives, there is a positive and negative side of numbers as well. Each number has a particular vibration and its own "behavior"; hence, the meaning of each number can be looked at in terms of an archetype.ODYSSEUS karnavires 60Each of the twelve numbers, which a person who studies numerology is required to recognize - numbers One through Nine, plus Eleven, Twenty-Two, and Zero, has its own individual characteristics. Although numerology is often used as a tool for discovering and understanding one's own life and destiny based on numbers in that person's life (such as their birthday and the letters of their name), authors have certainly used numerological principles in composing literary works. Numbers, used to create several effects on readers, help to paint a detailed image of the situations, challenges, and characters that words alone cannot reveal. Homer, in his renowned book, The Odyssey, seems to also use this technique; his usage of numbers throughout the book helps to provide a further description of his characters and the situations which...

Elements of Products in Business and Services Context Assignment

Elements of Products in Business and Services Context - Assignment Example In some instances, the cuisines are similar but excellent cooking style by Nutter that brings out the uniqueness in each. In addition, Nutter is innovative and observes trendy and finest local produce for his classic French recipes. From local and external suppliers, Nutter’s restaurants use supplies to serve vegetarian meals, gourmet, business lunch, Sunday lunch, afternoon tea, desserts and lunchtime meals. Incorporation of different customers includes businesses, individuals, families, vegetarians, children, and persons of all ages generate a wide client base for the food products. For instance, many across all ages enjoy the food from Nutter’s Restaurant like chips and Fish in the United Kingdom, and offering the best value for customers consistently makes them return for more. Coupled to the restaurants excellent tasting menu is the brand of a renowned UK chef and the two aspects influence customer loyalty hence profitability. Like other hotels and restaurants in the United Kingdom, Nutter’s restaurant seeks to understand its customer and in the best way possible, satisfy their food needs better compared to its competitors. The restaurant then uses target marketing to identify the diverse needs of customers in the UK hotel industry and delivers unique cuisines for such needs. According to the Nutters Restaurant (2014, p. n.p), Nutter’s also offers customers with leading and innovative modern cuisine and both locally and internationally. The international market comes because of Nutter’s demonstrations of cooking expertise in New Zealand, United States of America, Australia, and New Zealand. The restaurant is also keen on psychographic segmentation that involves activities like business events, meetings, interests, and other values. Nutter’s understand that different people have different preferences when it comes to food. As a result, the company is quick to offer food products that embrace buyer perception, motivation, and beliefs and attitudes.  Ã‚